Working principle of ball spline

Rotating motion transmission
Rolling friction: When an external power source (such as a motor) drives the spline shaft to rotate, the balls roll between the spline shaft and the raceway of the spline sleeve. This rolling friction greatly reduces the frictional resistance between the contact surfaces and improves the transmission efficiency.
Power transmission: The rolling of the balls transmits power from the spline shaft to the spline sleeve, causing the spline sleeve to also rotate. Due to the low rolling friction resistance of the ball, the rotational speed of the spline sleeve is basically consistent with the rotational speed of the spline shaft. Linear motion transmission
Axial movement: The special structural design of the ball spline allows the spline sleeve to also move linearly along the axis direction of the spline shaft. When the spline sleeve is subjected to axial force, the ball will roll in the raceway, guiding the spline sleeve to undergo precise linear displacement.
Maintain rotational performance: During linear motion, the ball spline can still maintain good rotational performance because the rolling of the ball in the raceway not only guides linear motion, but also maintains the transmission of rotational motion.
feature
High precision: The fitting accuracy between the ball and the raceway is high, which can ensure the accuracy and repeatability of rotation and linear motion, and is suitable for equipment with high requirements for motion accuracy.
High load-bearing capacity: Ball splines can withstand large loads. The multi-point contact between the ball and spline shaft, as well as the spline sleeve raceway, evenly distributes the load to each ball, effectively avoiding local excessive wear and stress concentration.
High transmission efficiency: Ball splines use rolling friction to transmit torque and speed. Compared to traditional spline transmission methods, their friction loss is smaller, which can improve transmission efficiency and reduce power consumption.